The generator is an important part of the car. Its function is to supply power to the electrical equipment during normal engine operation and to charge the battery. At present, the generators used in vehicles are all alternators. Compared with the early DC generators, the alternators have the advantages of small size, high power, long life, low failure, and good low-speed charging performance. The generator consists of a rotor assembly, a stator assembly, a rectifier assembly, an end cover, a pulley, and a fan. After the engine is started by the battery, the stator assembly is rotated by the generator belt connected to the crankshaft to generate a synchronous rotating magnetic field. At this time, the stator coil generates electromagnetic induction in the rotating magnetic field, thereby generating voltage and current. The stator coil produces a three-phase alternating current that is converted to direct current by a rectifier to charge the battery and power the vehicle's electrical equipment.
According to different structures, automotive alternators can be divided into ordinary alternators (also known as silicon rectifier generators) and integrated alternators. The voltage regulators of ordinary alternators are separately equipped and integrated AC power generation. The regulator of the machine is made into a whole with the generator. Both types of generators have a carbon brush that supplies direct current to the excitation coil of the rotor through a carbon brush and slip ring, producing a synchronous rotating magnetic field.